What is Nitrous Oxide and How is it Used in Dentistry?

laughing gas mississauga dentist

 

Nitrous oxide is also known as “laughing gas” because it produces a euphoric effect and can make dental procedures easier for patients. The main results of nitrous oxide are a reduction of stress and anxiety and a mild pain-reducing effect. Nitrous oxide works almost instantaneously once inhaled, and the effects subside quickly once the gas is no longer administered. Pure oxygen will be administered after the nitrous oxide to return the patient to a normal conscious state. Nitrous oxide can be used on almost any age range from toddlers, children, and adults and is considered very safe. However, as with any drug, there may be a small chance of adverse effects. 

 

Adverse Short Term Effects of Nitrous Oxide 

Possible short-term side effects of nitrous oxide are dizziness, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, headache, sweating, or shivering. Side effects are rare but may be experienced due to inhaling the nitrous oxide too quickly or inhaling too much of it.

 

It is recommended not to eat for around 4 hours before the dental appointment, where nitrous oxide will be administered, to avoid gastrointestinal side effects. It is okay to consume water.

 

There is also a risk, although rare, of a possible allergic reaction to nitrous oxide, and symptoms include chills, hives, wheezing, or fever. If any of these symptoms present during the use of nitrous oxide, medical attention is required. 

 

Adverse Long Term Effects of Nitrous Oxide

There are no long-term effects of nitrous oxide when used in a controlled environment by a medical professional. However, overexposure or regular use for recreational purposes may present the risk for long-term effects. Long-term effects of nitrous oxide may be vitamin B12 deficiency and anemia. 

 

If there is a history of mental illness, a dentist may decide not to give a patient nitrous oxide as it may interfere with or alter the state of mind. Also, a dentist may choose not to administer nitrous oxide in the case of vitamin B12 deficiency, history of substance abuse, respiratory illness, or pregnancy. 

 

Overdose From Nitrous Oxide

Although very uncommon, there is a possibility of overdosing. This is due to inhaling the gas too quickly or inhaling too much of it, typically occurring in a recreational setting. Nitrous oxide overdose symptoms include tightness of chest, eyes, and throat irritation, difficulty breathing, hallucinations, choking, increased blood pressure, and seizures. 

 

Both short, long term and overdose symptoms are an extremely uncommon risk of using nitrous oxide. Talk with your dentist to see if nitrous oxide is an option for you. 


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Mississauga, ON Dentist
Mississauga Dental Arts
350 Burnhamthorpe Road East #2
Mississauga, ON L5A 3S5
(905) 286-1569